Abo Antibodies Definitions

Useful Words

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Wasserman Reaction : واسرامن ٹیسٹ , Acquired Immunity : جراثیم کے خلاف مدافعت , Heterophil Test : خون کا ٹیسٹ , Complement Fixation Test : خون کا ٹیسٹ , Horseradish Peroxidase : پروٹین کی قسم , Agglutination : ملاپ , Active Immunity : فعال مدافعت , Chemoimmunology : علم کیمیا کا ایک شعبہ , Anaemia : خون کی کمی , Hepatitis C : کالا یرقان درجہ سوم , Agglutination Test : خون کی جانچ , Abo Blood Group System : انسانی خون کی چار مختلف اقسام , Blood Platelet : خون کو گاڑھا رکھنے والا قدرتی مادہ , Thrombus : دلمہ , Coronary : کسی وجہ سے دل کو خون نا پہنچانا , Thrombocytopenia : خون میں پلیٹلیٹ کی تعداد میں تخفیف , Factor Iii : تھرومبو پلاسٹن , Acidemia : خون میں تیزابیت , Hypovolaemia : اولیگیمیا , Glucagon : لبلبہ کے آئیلٹس آف لنگرہانز کے الفا خلیوں میں پیدا ہونے والا ہارمون , Arteria : شاہ رگ , Blood Transfusion : نیا خون دینا , Vein : نس , Blood Pressure : بلڈ پریشر , Bleeding : خون کا نکلنا , Blood Bank : خون جمع کرانے کی جگہ , Phlebothrombosis : ورید میں تھرومبوسس جس کی وجہ سے خون کے بہاو میں سستی ہو جاتی ہے , Diapedesis : بافتوں میں رگوں کی دیواروں میں سے خونی خلیوں کا گزرنا , Thrombosis : خون بستگی , Haemal : خون سے متعلق , Erythrocyte : خون کا سرخ جسیمہ

Useful Words Definitions

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Wasserman Reaction: a blood test to detect syphilis; a complement fixation test is used to detect antibodies to the syphilis organism treponema; a positive reaction indicates the presence of antibodies and therefore syphilis infection.

Acquired Immunity: immunity to a particular disease that is not innate but has been acquired during life; immunity can be acquired by the development of antibodies after an attack of an infectious disease or by a pregnant mother passing antibodies through the placenta to a fetus or by vaccination.

Heterophil Test: a blood test to detect heterophil antibodies that agglutinate sheep red blood cells; positive result indicates infectious mononucleosis.

Complement Fixation Test: a blood test in which a sample of serum is exposed to a particular antigen and complement in order to determine whether or not antibodies to that particular antigen are present; used as a diagnostic test.

Horseradish Peroxidase: an enzyme used in immunohistochemistry to label antigens and their antibodies.

Agglutination: a clumping of bacteria or red cells when held together by antibodies (agglutinins).

Active Immunity: a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.

Chemoimmunology: the field of chemistry concerned with chemical processes in immunology (such as chemical studies of antigens and antibodies).

Anaemia: Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a low concentration of hemoglobin in the blood. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body`s tissues. When the level of hemoglobin or red blood cells falls below the normal range, it can lead to a reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen effectively.

Hepatitis C: a viral hepatitis clinically indistinguishable from hepatitis B but caused by a single-stranded RNA virus; usually transmitted by parenteral means (as injection of an illicit drug or blood transfusion or exposure to blood or blood products).

Agglutination Test: a blood test used to identify unknown antigens; blood with the unknown antigen is mixed with a known antibody and whether or not agglutination occurs helps to identify the antigen; used in tissue matching and blood grouping and diagnosis of infections.

Abo Blood Group System: a classification system for the antigens of human blood; used in blood transfusion therapy; four groups are A and B and AB and O.

Blood Platelet: tiny bits of protoplasm found in vertebrate blood; essential for blood clotting.

Thrombus: a blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remaining attached to its place of origin.

Coronary: obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery by a blood clot (thrombus).

Thrombocytopenia: a blood disease characterized by an abnormally small number of platelets in the blood.

Factor Iii: an enzyme liberated from blood platelets that converts prothrombin into thrombin as blood starts to clot.

Acidemia: a blood disorder characterized by an increased concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which falls below 7 on the pH scale).

Hypovolaemia: a blood disorder consisting of a decrease in the volume of circulating blood.

Glucagon: a hormone secreted by the pancreas; stimulates increases in blood sugar levels in the blood (thus opposing the action of insulin).

Arteria: a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body.

Blood Transfusion: the introduction of blood or blood plasma into a vein or artery.

Vein: a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart.

Blood Pressure: the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels; results from the systole of the left ventricle of the heart; sometimes measured for a quick evaluation of a person`s health.

Bleeding: the flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel.

Blood Bank: a place for storing whole blood or blood plasma.

Phlebothrombosis: thrombosis of a vein without prior inflammation of the vein; associated with sluggish blood flow (as in prolonged bedrest or pregnancy or surgery) or with rapid coagulation of the blood.

Diapedesis: passage of blood cells (especially white blood cells) through intact capillary walls and into the surrounding tissue.

Thrombosis: the formation or presence of a thrombus (a clot of coagulated blood attached at the site of its formation) in a blood vessel.

Haemal: relating to the blood vessels or blood.

Erythrocyte: a red blood cell is a mature blood cell that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body`s tissues and removes carbon dioxide. It is disc-shaped, lacks a nucleus, and contains hemoglobin, which gives it its red color.